By 2050, the world’s population will grow to almost 10 billion people. As cities expand to accommodate this growth, architects and urban planners will play a critical role in shaping environments that positively impact the people who live in them. Research has shown that well-designed spaces can reduce stress, improve mental health, and create a greater sense of belonging. So, how can design help cities thrive?

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Design with green space in mind

Sterile urban environments made of endless concrete can contribute to stress and isolation. Studies have shown that cities with abundant green spaces promote better health and well-being. For example, Vancouver has consistently been rated as one of the most livable cities, partly due to building policies that ensure residents have views of its natural surroundings, like mountains and forests. A UK study also revealed that communities with more access to green spaces experience lower levels of health inequality, as these environments support both physical and mental well-being. For growing cities like Toronto, prioritizing green space is essential—not only for the benefit of residents but also for creating more sustainable and healthier communities.

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Consider the unintended consequences of the changes

While adding green spaces and modern designs can have many benefits, city planners must also consider the unintended consequences. New developments can sometimes lead to gentrification, pricing out long-time residents and creating economic divides. Take the High Line in New York City as an example. This elevated park transformed an unused rail track into a popular urban attraction but also caused rents in the surrounding neighborhoods to skyrocket, reducing economic diversity. Solutions like subsidized housing options or smaller, affordable units could have helped retain the community’s character while fostering inclusion. This highlights the importance of analyzing both the benefits and challenges of urban projects before implementing change.

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Honour the cultural nuances in the built environment

Traditionally, architecture reflected regional climates, available materials, and local cultural values. Today, the connected world often results in more uniform design, but involving the community in shaping developments remains key to success. When residents participate in planning and construction, the results often better reflect their needs and values. For instance, using locally sourced materials, hiring within the community, and incorporating cultural influences into design can create spaces that feel authentic and inclusive. This “human handprint,” as described by Michael Murphy of MASS Design Group, ensures that buildings positively impact the people who create and inhabit them.

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Reconfigure infrastructure on the outskirts

While much attention is given to city centers, rethinking the design of urban outskirts can also improve quality of life. Cities like Tokyo have successfully decentralized amenities, creating hyper-local neighborhoods that foster stronger connections among residents. By transforming suburban areas into mixed-use spaces that include housing, amenities, and green spaces, cities can promote belonging, reduce commuting stress, and improve mental well-being. Mixed-income, mixed-use neighborhoods that combine homes, apartments, and community-focused spaces will play a key role in building the cities of the future. To achieve this, planners and policymakers must be willing to update zoning and building codes to support innovative, adaptable designs.

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Shaping communities for the future

At Key, we believe in creating communities that foster connection, well-being, and sustainability. Whether through urban design or innovative homeownership solutions, the future of our cities depends on thoughtful planning that keeps people at the center of every decision. Learn more about how Key's program works here.

This article may include AI-assisted content. While we aim for accuracy, please double-check details or consult a professional if needed.